How Culture Impact On Saudi Arabian Women s Perception Of...

This chapter presents the methodology and research methods used to explore how culture impacts on Saudi Arabian women’s perception of survivorship following treatment for breast cancer. First, the epistemological paradigm and the theoretical perspectives that guide the research process are described. The chapter includes the research methods (research’s question, aim and research design), followed by describing the interviews, sampling and the process of recruitment. Finally, data collection, management and analysis are explained. Methodology: 3.1 Epistemological perspective: The constructivist paradigm emerged from the phenomenological philosophy of Husserl and other German philosophers who studied the interpretive understanding or meaning called ‘hermeneutics’ (Dowling, 2007). A constructivism paradigm rejects the objective reality that can be known by the researcher through scientific inquiry which is dominant in other paradigms such as post-positivism (Gray, 2014). According to constructivism paradigm the reality is socially constructed (Mertens, 2005), which means that the reality as meaning and value are subjective and experiential which are created not discovered. This thesis proposes that the meaning of being a breast cancer survivor is mainly constructed by breast cancer survivors themselves, who are the only ones to know the experience of breast cancer from diagnosis until survivorship, and what it feels like. In terms of practice, this paradigm concerned with

Essay on The Morality of Euthanasia - 1765 Words

People have the right to medical care, but pain and suffering for a person has to be one of the toughest things in life to deal with. In the health care world, few topics create a debate as heated as euthanasia. Euthanasia comes from the Greek word meaning good death. Euthanasia is the practice of ending the life of a person either by lethal injection or the suspension of medical treatment. Most religious beliefs say that God is the only one that has the right to decide the termination of any life. Euthanasia should be a person’s right of choice legally and ethically. People are faced with choices on a daily basis throughout their lives. Having the choice of euthanasia allows a quick, humane, and painless way to end pain and suffering.†¦show more content†¦Religion allows a person to be comforted by God’s will. People are to not suffer under Gods will if they have faith. The truth is, religion can’t relieve pain, suffering, and terminal illnesses. Millio ns of people go through the experience of pain, suffering, and terminal illness on a daily basis. Some pain and suffering is on a temporary timeframe, some pain and suffering is long-term, and some pain and suffering is forever and will never go away. Religion can’t alleviate a person’s pain, suffering, or condition without the help of the medical field. According to religion a person should not have to suffer, yet there are millions of religious believers who suffer day-to-day. Jonathan Swift, a Priest, once took a tour of a hospital which had many sick children and infants with whom they would never know a parent or a home. Most of the children and infants were terminally ill and were going to pass. Jonathan made a powerful statement â€Å"To say these people were created in the â€Å"image of God† begs the question. At the existential moment between life and death, is it not for us, the living, to commend these lives to God? What else can we do?† Even in religion there becomes a point where pain and suffering or terminal illness begins to outweigh faith. Under these circumstances a person should have the right to choose euthanasia, when all else fails, to end their pain and suffering. When it comes to euthanasia, under the right circumstances, a person shouldShow MoreRelatedThe Morality Of Euthanasia And Euthanasia1350 Words   |  6 PagesThe morality of euthanasia continues to be a controversial topic. Its subject matter, death, is shrouded in emotional feelings that often obscure the logical appraisal of the subject. For opponents of euthanasia, passive and active euthanasia are seen as distinct and subject to different morality rulings. According to Vaughn â€Å"Active euthanasia is said to involve performing an action that directly causes someone to die†¦ Passive euthanasia is allowing someone to die by not doing something that wouldRead MoreEuthanasia Essay : Euthanasia And Morality1627 Words   |  7 PagesDenise M aranhao Professor Joseph Anderson Ethics across the professions November 29, 2014 Euthanasia (Euthanasia and morality) Could you pull the plug? Is mercy killing considered murder and should it be illegal under each and every circumstance? There are many questions and even more controversies when it comes to euthanasia and assisted suicide. There are those who believe euthanasia is immoral regardless of the situation, it is illegal and therefore always wrong. But most people have never beenRead MoreThe Morality Of Voluntary Euthanasia1563 Words   |  7 PagesEuthanasia, defined as the act of â€Å"putting a person to painless death especially in case of incurable suffering,† is a controversial subject surrounded by many moral dilemmas (Murkey, 2008). Although euthanasia is the overarching term used to describe the act itself, within it are three principal forms: voluntary, non-voluntary and involuntary, each of which pertains to case specific issues. Following The Supreme Court’s recent decision deeming Canada’s controversial law against physician-assistedRead MoreThe Morality o f Euthanasia Essay1414 Words   |  6 PagesThe Morality of Euthanasia Technology has brought about drastic changes in the morality of today’s society. One organization it has greatly effected is the medical field. Few would argue with the fact that medical technology has greatly improved the quality of life. However, with doctors and other health care workers having the authority to contribute to both the patients’ well-being and inevitable death, society believes there should be limits to best serve the patient’s wishes. TheRead MoreThe Debate Concerning The Morality Of Euthanasia915 Words   |  4 PagesAmericans , arguably more than any other nationality, have a right to their opinion and there exists few subjects that generate more opinions than does euthanasia. The debate concerning the morality of euthanasia parsimoniously rests on the moral assessment of whether or not the physician intentionally kills or intentionally let die the patient. An assumption has been perpetuated that there is a line of demarcation betwe en intending to let die and intending to kill. This pseudo-practical barrierRead MoreThe Morality Of Euthanasia By James Rachels1086 Words   |  5 PagesID: 3339147 Active Euthanasia Does James Rachels in â€Å"The Morality of Euthanasia† successfully argue that in at least some cases active euthanasia is morally acceptable? Explain his view and respond to it. In this essay, we are going to analyze the main ideas included in â€Å"The Morality of Euthanasia† by James Rachels to provide a response to the following question: Does James Rachels in â€Å"The Morality of Euthanasia† successfully argue that in at least some cases active euthanasia is morally acceptableRead MorePurpose of a Living Will and the Morality of Euthanasia829 Words   |  4 Pagesmedical treatments. Euthanasia, also called assisted suicide, or physician-assisted suicide, offers one of many options for terminal-ill patients or those with intractable pain. Many infer euthanasia as the action that brings about the end of a patient’s life because it has been decided they would be better off dead. Since euthanasia involves killing another person, voluntarily or not, a virtuous person considers euthanasia acceptable. There are two main categories of euthanasia, voluntary (conductedRead MoreThe Morality Of Euthanasia And The Application Of Utilitarianism1213 Words   |  5 PagesThe Morality of Euthanasia and the Application of Utilitarianism. Introduction When a patient is in immense amounts of pain from a terminal illness, one of the options to relieve a person from the pain is euthanasia. Euthanasia is seen as a controversial and moral issue because of the different viewpoints. Euthanasia is seen by some as killing, while others see it as removing a person from immense amounts of pain. This paper will first discuss the principles of utilitarianism through BenthamRead MoreEuthanasia: Utiliarianism and Morality of Death Essay1945 Words   |  8 Pagesperson be in the pain when they leave their physical form? Euthanasia, or assisted suicide, gives a person the chance the take the ending of their life into their own hands and make, an otherwise undefined, decision of how he/she would want their final moments to be. In this paper I plan to display that based on the utilitarian perspective, Rachels’ writings, and contemplating human rights constructed from a governmental outlook, that euthanasia is just and morally acceptable and should be consideredRead MoreUtilitarianism and Euthanasia1031 Words   |  5 Pages April 28, 2011 ETHICS The moral issue that I will discuss about is Euthanasia. Euthanasia simplu means bringing the death of another for the benefit of that person and also known as mercy killing. â€Å"When a person carries out an act of euthanasia, he brings about the death of another person because he believes the latters present existence is so bad that she would be better off dead, or believes that unless

New York Demographics and Cultural Differences Free Essays

State and County Quick Facts 6). Its population density is 10. 94 people per square kilometer. We will write a custom essay sample on New York: Demographics and Cultural Differences or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although the majority of residents can speak English there is still a significant number who cannot use the language. More than eight-hundred different languages are spoken in the city (Schaller 25). In 2010, New York City was comprised of 44% whites, 25. 5% blacks, 12. 7% Asians, and 28. 6% Latino and Hispanics (Sheller 28). Some of the most common languages spoken among other nations are: Chinese, Hindi, Spanish and Arabic, to mention a few. But most importantly, the make-up of the family and communities is what greatly fraternities other nations from white Christian Americans. Variant ethnicities lead to unique religious practices, as Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism and Catholicism have specific features (Cranes Yang 13). All of this leads to interconnected communities. For example, Asian families are more united and develop closer ties with relatives. This creates communities that support each other better. Social programs must be established which in turn, will increase the quality of common living conditions. Family size is also larger for non-American families because the citizens of the united States rely more on individuality and development of personal characteristics, whereas other nationalities greatly depend on relatives and siblings. This leads to couples having more children, greatly enlarging families In comparison to the American communities. New York City Is also a big Importer of students. The city higher education department delivers about 120,000 graduates to the labor market annually (Schaller 28). Although 27% of Its population have a minimum of bachelor’s degree qualifications, there Is a small percentage that still lacks basic education (Schaller 28-30). New York City Is also one of the clues experiencing high level of Income disparities (Sheller 32). On average, In 2005, the annual Income for the rich was $1 88,697 while the poor only earned $9,320 (Schaller 32). This dictates the quality of housing and other services that people can afford. In 2010, there were 3,371 ,062 housing units in New York City, with a home ownership rate of 32. 6% (Sheller 33). In the same year, there were 3,049,978 households Witt an average to 3 people per household. The 2010 per capita income was $31 ,417 and the average should income was $51,270. It is worth noting that 19. 4% of the people were living below the poverty line (Sheller 33-34). Implications of the Diverse Culture New York cultural differences can cause serious challenges in provision and reception of some professional services (Baring 5). According to Baring, differences in languages, perceptions and lifestyles can hinder communication, and the understanding between parties from different cultural backgrounds (5). In this case, health care providers and other professionals would have problems in handling people who do not share common languages. Even after addressing language problems, different lifestyles and expectations can delay service delivery and leave some groups disadvantaged, which is a recipe for social-economic imbalances (Baring 6). This meaner that in order for the prevailing social-economic inequalities to be eliminated from New York City, people have to find ways of enhancing good intercultural communication (Oaten ; Expert 32). Conclusion It is an unfortunate fact, but all the different nationalities and communities are still widely secluded from each other. Each one has a unique belief system, traditions and community make-up (Hero 8). Often, this leads to misunderstandings and discrimination, which is why people should do more research about the culture and norms of other nations. Learning the languages of others or setting up common community centers or social programs would better the relationship and familiarize with other people’s values and goals. Works Cited Baring, Ester. Formative View of Language. Methodological Considerations and Consequences for the Study of Culture. Forum Qualitative Social Research,10. 2009): 5-8. Print. Cranes, Tony Yang, Finnegan. Asian American Religions: The Making and Remaking of Borders and Boundaries. New York, NY: NYU Press, 2004. Print. Greeters, Lawrence Cancel, Denizen. Equivalence, bias, and translations methodological issues en Cross-cultural Counseling Research. The Counseling Psychologist, 36. 2 (2008): 188-219. Print. Hero, Rodney. Racial Diversity and Social Capital: Equality and Community in America. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Print. Mohammedan, Jasmine. Redefining Organizational Cultures. An Interpretative Anthropological Approach to Corporate Narratives. Forum Qualitative Social Research, 10. 1 (2009): 8-10. Print. Oaten, Matthias Expert, Judith. Mapping the Landscape of Qualitative Research on Intercultural Communication. A Hitchhikers Guide to the Methodological Galaxy. Forum Qualitative Social Research, 10. 1 (2009): 30-35). Print. Schaller, Laurie. The challenge of researching trust in intercultural cooperation. Forum Qualitative Social Research, 10. 1 (2012): 24-34. Print. State and County Quick Facts. United States Census Bureau, 67. 3 (2012): 1-4. Print. How to cite New York: Demographics and Cultural Differences, Papers

Supply Chain Strategies of Ergon Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the Supply Chain Strategies of Ergon. Answer: Introduction Electricity is the utmost need of common people and the different other architectural bodies. Numerous state or centre owned companies are engaged in the business of supplying the required electricity. It appears quite simpler in its mentioned objective; however, the operation is complex. The complexity is because of many reasons such as the production of power and energy, local state government policies, the supply chain operations etc. The production of power electricity happens through either renewable or non-renewable resource of energy. Majority of production have its resource in non-renewable form of energy, which is itself associated with sustainability issues. Furthermore, non-renewable resources produce CO2 emission in high numbers, which has already threatened the peacefulness of environment (Francey et al., 2013). Various local and state government rules policies also play a very important role in the electricity supply system. They set the pricing for per unit of elect ricity, which is compulsory for different electricity supplying companies. Despite all the challenges, the supply chain operation in particular is challenging for companies of any industry (Expsito et al., 2016). The chosen organisation for this assignment is the Ergon Energy, which is a subsidiary company of Energy Queensland Limited (EQL). The particular company is responsible for supplying electricity to entire Queensland except the South East part of the state. They are conducting a giant business, which is evident in a fact that they supply electricity to approximately 700,000 customers across the state. Australian Energy Regulator (AER) governs the distribution network that it uses to supply the electricity (Ergon Energy, 2017). The main purpose of this assignment is to analyse in brief that how Ergon Energy supplies electricity to a large numbers of customers across Queensland. This would also find the relevance of resource based theory with the business operation of the chos en company. Moreover, sustainability of the business would also be checked in the light of the chosen model. Overview of the selected business Ergon Energy is a subsidiary company of Energy Queensland Limited (EQL), which is now operating business in two formats such as in distributing the electricity and retailing it to various consumers. Ergon Energy Corporation Limited conducts the distribution of electricity whereas Ergon Energy Queensland Pty Ltd. carries the retailing business. The retailing is done in the pricing standard set by the Queenslands government. They have integrated 150,000 kilometres of power lines and a million of power poles. This is the way they transfer electricity to their customers home. It has also owned 33 standalone power stations across the state to supply electricity to communities those are disconnected from the main electricity grid. Ergon Energy is an innovative company that believe in collaborating with different specialist to introduce various new services. Some of those innovations are popularising use of more solar PV systems, managing both commercial residential energy and enriching th e benefits of EVs. Moreover, they are trying to popularise the presence of Electric Vehicles in Queensland with their innovative thoughts such as providing healthy network coverage to ensure hassle free charging of batteries (Ergon Energy, 2017). Value chain operation Figure 1: Value Chain Operation of Ergon Energy (Source: Lucas, Silva Neto, 2012) Value chain operation is one of the most complex tasks, which very few companies have made this easier with the use of their strategic planning (Gereffi Fernandez-Stark, 2016). Ergon Energy operates its business in two formats such as retail and network. The first part of the value chain is the inbound logistic, which in this regard is the reception and production of electricity. They are providing Solar Power energy to their customers. Like many other companies, they are also responsible for polluting the environment. The resource of producing the solar energy is non-renewable energy resources. It causes the emission of green house gases. It also pollutes the environment with the diesel that they import (Liu et al., 2012). To enhance their business sustainability and to enhance their efficiency in supply chain, Ergon has started building up many solar power stations at different locations. Some of those solar stations are such as Doomadgee, Windorah, Birdsville and Thursday Island. They supply the solar PVs to their customers through retailing. They are also supplying batteries for EVs. The distribution of the product or service happens through two modes such as through retailing and through online portal. Ergon does not only provide solutions to their requirements but they also install the Solar PVs on the customers premise (Abeygunawardana Ledwich, 2013). The human resource department of the company is very efficient as well. It has identified the requirement of innovative things for a sustained business. This is why they welcome partnership working to adopt various new innovative thoughts and produce something new to their end users. The efficient thinking of the companys HRM has encouraged them to adopt the highest standard of technology to produce advanced solar PVs that emits less CO2. Additionally, the dynamic workforce of the company has used the technology to the perfection to provide a friendly environment for EVs. Electric Vehicles itself are a fr iendly aspect for the environment (Yu Halog, 2015). Linkages between business operations and chosen model Figure 2: Resource Based Theory (Source: Barney, 2012) Resource based theory is a very effective theoretical model that helps in identifying the firms capabilities for a sustained business in future. It constructs the identification process in four steps such as available resources, capabilities, competitive advantage and strategy. The resources that are available to Ergon Energy have placed them in the list of few companies, which have connected their relationship well with the customers. They are one of the leading suppliers of Solar PVs in the Queensland state. As far as capabilities are concerned, they have already proved this with their innovative strategies. The resources that they have, can help them add new chapters in their success history. They started with Solar PVs; however, they have now reached to supplying batteries and recharge network coverage to EVs. Electric Vehicles, which are the future of car industry lacked in recharging related issue. The recharge points are usually available in city areas; however, it lacked in i ts presence in the rural areas. The use of technology has encouraged the company for innovative thoughts and they have planned to support the EVs by setting up maximum numbers of recharge points across the Queensland state. They have enhanced their competitiveness by touching the EVs as their future prospect. The last stage of the resource-based theory is the identification of strategy, which the Ergon Energy uses. The existing strategy has enabled them reach to thousands of customers. It has also helped them innovate with new concepts such as setting up recharge stations at numerous locations for EVs. However, they have a challenge to prove their worth in attaining the state of sustainability. The diesel imported to them produces CO2 after combustion. Moreover, CO2 has become a challenging task ahead of the entire business. They need some strategies for filling up the gaps identified in their existing strategies. Sustainability can only be proved if they control the emission of CO2 (Hitt, Xu Carnes, 2016). Sustainability within the selected business model Figure 3: CO2 Emission from Different Energy Resources (Source: Shao et al., 2014) The selected business model is Resource Based Theory, which helped to identify the gaps in the existing strategy of Ergon Energy. However, sustainability is a challenge to Ergon Energy Company. The electricity is still produced in large numbers from coal and gas. It is difficult to imagine the reduction of CO2 in such case. Use of natural resources can only help in reduce the emission of CO2. Natural resources such as water, solar, ocean wave, air wind and biogas are some resources that can produce electricity. Ergon Energy should look for the most feasible ways as shifting to these resources would require huge investment. These are productive resources to reduce the increasing ratio of carbon emission. Recommendations can only prove their worth for the company if the company has also identified the importance of natural resources. Electric Cars, which according to the company is a good prospect for reducing the content of CO2 from air. However, it is itself associated with carbon em ission. The charging socket use coal as a resource to generate the required electricity in it, which itself is highly responsible for the incrementing emission of CO2 (Sen Bhattacharyya, 2014). Strategy has been identified for the company. They must invest high in generating powers from natural resources. Conclusion Ergon Energy is one of few names in the energy industry in Australia, which has continued the use of innovative ideas to produce something new to the community. They have already left a resonant impact of their name by offering the Solar PVs. They further advanced by committing the installation of recharge points for EVs. However, the commitment would require some serious steps taken from the management, which would be in the form of making a huge investment on generating electricity from renewable energy resources. They have proven track in the HRM practice as well as in technological advancement. However, it needs more than this to prove their strategy a worth for the company Reference Abeygunawardana, A. A. K., Ledwich, G. (2013, July). Estimating benefits of energy storage for aggregate storage applications in electricity distribution networks in Queensland. InPower and Energy Society General Meeting (PES), 2013 IEEE(pp. 1-5). IEEE. Barney, J. B. (2012). Purchasing, supply chain management and sustained competitive advantage: The relevance of resource?based theory.Journal of supply chain management,48(2), 3-6. Ergon Energy. (2017).Ergon Energy. [online] Available at: https://www.ergon.com.au/ [Accessed 26 Aug. 2017]. Expsito, A. G., Gomez-Exposito, A., Conejo, A. J., Canizares, C. (Eds.). (2016).Electric energy systems: analysis and operation. CRC Press. Francey, R. J., Trudinger, C. M., Van Der Schoot, M., Law, R. M., Krummel, P. B., Langenfelds, R. L., ... Rdenbeck, C. (2013). Atmospheric verification of anthropogenic CO2 emission trends.Nature Climate Change,3(5), 520. Gereffi, G., Fernandez-Stark, K. (2016). Global value chain analysis: a primer. Hitt, M. A., Xu, K., Carnes, C. M. (2016). Resource based theory in operations management research.Journal of Operations Management,41, 77-94. Liu, G., Rasul, M. G., Amanullah, M. T. O., Khan, M. M. K. (2012). Simulation and optimization of residential grid-connected PV system in Queensland, Australia. InAdvanced Materials Research(Vol. 347, pp. 715-724). Trans Tech Publications. Lucas, A., Silva, C. A., Neto, R. C. (2012). Life cycle analysis of energy supply infrastructure for conventional and electric vehicles.Energy Policy,41, 537-547. Sen, R., Bhattacharyya, S. C. (2014). Off-grid electricity generation with renewable energy technologies in India: An application of HOMER.Renewable Energy,62, 388-398. Shao, C., Guan, Y., Wan, Z., Guo, C., Chu, C., Ju, M. (2014). Performance and decomposition analyses of carbon emissions from industrial energy consumption in Tianjin, China.Journal of cleaner production,64, 590-601. Yu, M., Halog, A. (2015). Solar photovoltaic development in Australiaa life cycle sustainability assessment study.Sustainability,7(2), 1213-1247.